Vosooghoddoleh Dies

Hossein Vosoogh or Vosooghoddoleh was the elder brother of Ghavamossaltaneh who became representative of Tehran for the first term of parliament in 1906. He later became minister of justice, then minister of foreign affairs before being appointed prime minister by Ahmad Shah. After resignation in May 1917, he served as minister of science for a short time and was chosen as prime minister again in 1918. He was bribed to sign a treaty with Britain for which he was later forced to resign. After the coup of Reza Shah, he was forced to pay back the money he took from the British. On Jan, 25, 1951 he died at the age of 78 in Tehran and was buried in Qom. (Updated: Feb, 11, 2009)

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi Marries Sorayya

Mohammad Reza Shah made his second marriage at the age of 32 with an 18 year old girl named Sorayya Esfandiari. Sorayya was born on June, 22, 1932 from an Iranian father and a German mother in Isfahan. Her entrance to the royal family coincided with Nationalization of Oil and a coup d'état after which Shah could return to Iran. Like Shah's first wife, Sorayya could not give birth to a child and solve the long standing crown prince issue. In 1958 Sorayya went to Switzerland and finalized a divorce on March, 14 same year. Then she pursued her dream of becoming an actress and played in a movie called "Les trois visages d'une femme". Her autobiographies still sell well in Iranian bookstores. Sorayya died on Oct, 26, 2001 in Paris at the age of 69. (Updated: Feb, 17, 2008)

Public Demonstrations For Nationalization Of Oil

Mounting protests against an unfair deal that gave Britain all rights over Iranian oil reserves led to street demonstrations and public gatherings of all groups of people including religious, national, and even communist movements.Nationalization of Oil in Iran sparked many similar awakenings in the world. (Updated: Dec, 3, 2007)

Iranian Oil Industry Nationalized

After half a century of exploitation of Iran's wealth, the parliament passed the bill that nationalized Iran's oil industry. After Mansour's cabinet unexpectedly resigned on June, 26, 1950, general Razmara formed his own cabinet. The regime was trying to impose an atmosphere of fear and pressure, but when the adjunct protocol to the 1933 agreement was presented to the 16th parliament, during a press conference, Dr. Mosaddegh announced publicly that Iranians do not recognize neither the 1933 nor the D'Arcy agreement and therefore approval of the adjunct protocol was out of question. He iterated that all such agreements that stripped Iranians from their rights should be cancelled. On Thursday, Oct, 12, 1950 the government was interpellated by the parliament. While the government was defending the adjunct protocol, disagreements spread outside the parliament to the streets. During the next 5 months events led to parliament's approval of nationalization of oil as a Norooz gift to all Iranians. (Updated: Jan, 7, 2009)

Iranian Flag Waving On Abadan Refinery

Iranians struggled hard to put an end to the infamous D'Arcy agreement that gave the British exclusive rights on Iranian oil industry. On the other hand, the enemy had a network of spies that was able to bribe some Iranian authorities. On July, 17, 1949, an Iranian minister signed a deal with the British that provised 6 shillings instead of 4 shilling per barrel as Iran's share of the sales of oil. In return, the Iranian government was to ratify the 1933 agreement. Prime minister Saed took the agreement to the parliament. Despite all expectations the parliament did not approve the deal and instead paved the way for nationalization of oil that was approved in 1951. The English nightmare which was "the Iranian flag flying on top of the Abadan refinery" happened while Britain was shuttling the doors of international courts and pursuing an active policy of combined threats and tricks to which Iranians responded strongly. (Updated: Aug, 1, 2008)

UK Files Complaint Against Iran

The UNSC receives a complaint filed by the UK against Iran after a brief meeting. Britain was using every possible means to counter a the nationalization of petroleum industry in Iran, a movement that could mark the end of colonial era in Iran. The Iranian government called this action outside of the context of UNSC, however PM Dr. Mosaddegh personally travelled to New York to defend Iran's rights. He arrived in New York on Oct, 7 and was greeted by many supporters of the Iranian cause. The U.S., at that time was not yet totally consumed by the AIPAC lobby. Mosaddegh made his great historical speech at the UNSC three days later, that can be used as a case study for all developing nations that seek to break free from imperialism. (Updated: Oct, 1, 2008)

• Mohammad Reza Shah : محمدرضا شاه(Mohammadreza Shah)
• D'Arcy Agreement : قرارداد دارسي
• Ghavamossaltaneh : قوام السلطنه(Ghavamolsaltaneh, Ghavam-os-Saltaneh, Qavamossaltaneh, Qavam)
• Vosooghoddoleh : وثوق الدوله حسين وثوق
• Prime Minister : نخست وزير رئيس الوزرا
• Reza Pahlavi : رضا پهلوي
• Ahmad Shah : احمد شاه
• Esfandiari : اسفندياري
• Mosaddegh : مصدق(Mossaddegh, Mosaddeq) دکتر محمد مصدق،مصدق السلطنه
• Reza Shah : رضا شاه(Sardar Sepah, Reza Gholdor) رضا خان
• New York : نيويورک
• Iranian : ايراني‌ اهل‌ ايران‌ ، وابسته‌به‌ ايران‌
• Pahlavi : پهلوي(Pahlevi)
• Britain : بريتانيا انگليس
• Isfahan : اصفهان(Esfahan, Sepahan,Esparan) اسپه دانه، اسپهان
• Razmara : رزم آرا
• Sorayya : ثريا
• Norooz : نوروز(Nowrooz,Noruz,Nevruz,Nawruz)
• Tehran : تهران(Teheran, Tahran) طهران
• Abadan : آبادان
• Public : عمومي
• German : آلماني
• Paris : پاريس
• AIPAC : ايپک
• Ahmad : احمد
• Saed : ساعد
• Shah : شاه پادشاه‌
• Iran : ايران
• Qom : قم(Ghom)
• New : جديد
• UK : انگليس(United Kingdom,The Old Fox)

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