Cyrus The Great Killed In Battlefield
Cyrus the Great, the founder of the Achaemenid dynasty was killed in battlefield from a wound inflicted from a poisonous arrow during a campaign against the Massagetes in Central Asia. He is considered one of the most respected world leaders to date. What characteristics made him a great leader? He fought side by side with his soldiers and never left them alone in the battlefield. He respected the culture, language and religion of subdued nations and did not impose Zoroastrian religion or assimilate nations in similar methods. He considered all nations equal in terms of their rights.
Also known as Cyrus II, he was the grandson of Cyrus I and descended from both Median and Persian royal ancestors. Nevertheless, Cyrus was a very down to earth person and his wish was to be buried in Pasargadae in order to turn into Iranian soil once again. He apologizes to people for not being able to use the soil of his tomb for some time. Cyrus the great, the founder of the greatest form of united nations to date rests in peace in Pasargadae shedding light on the future of the world civilization. He is called the father of his people, and his name is mentioned in Bible and Quran and revered by many Iranians as a holy figure. (Updated: Mar, 6, 2008)
Cambyses Becomes King And Takes Egypt
Before Cyrus the Great fell in a battle against nomadic Massagetes in March, 530, he had appointed Cambyses as the Crown Prince. Cambyses accompanied his father during the battle. The first official document related to the reign of Cambyses was dated August, 31, 530 B.C. Cambyses married Phaedymia to secure the support of the nobility. After Pharaoh Amasis II heard that Cyrus died, he sought an opportunity to annex Syria. He appointed his son Psamtik III as the army leader.
Cambyses secretly killed his younger brother Bardia, the Satrap of Bactria before marching to Egypt to avoid any revolt in his absence. Amasis II died in 526 BC shortly before the Persians attacked. In the first encounter between the two armies, Iranians won the war. Hearing the news of his father's death Psamtik III retreated and set camp at Pelusium on the eastern entrance of Nile delta to avoid Persian army from entering Egypt but he was unsuccessful and fled to Memphis. After a long siege, Memphis was taken in the summer of 525.
Psamtik III was captured alive and received a honorable treatment although his reign lasted for 6 months. But when he was trying to incite a revolt, he was arrested, and later executed in Susa.
Cambyses is the founder of Iran's naval forces. The first fleet were mostly from Phoenicia and Asia Minor. Cyprus also joined Iran's naval expedition to Egypt. There was no naval conflict reported with Egyptians however, their Greek mercenaries joined the Persian fleet. By the end of summer, the whole Egypt was conquered and Cambyses was thus the founder of the 27th Egyptian dynasty. (Updated: Dec, 7, 2007)
English-Persian Glossary
- Crown Prince : وليعهد شاهزاده ، نايب السلطنه
- Zoroastrian : زرتشتي
- Psamtik III : پسام متيخ(Psammetichius, Psammeticus)
- Asia Minor : آسياي کوچک آسياي صغير
- Pasargadae : پاسارگاد(Passargad)
- Achaemenid : هخامنشي(Hakhamaneshi)
- Phaedymia : فيدايميا
- Amasis II : احمسس(Khnemibre Ahmose-si-Neit)
- Phoenicia : فنيقيه
- Egyptian : مصري
- Pelusium : پلوزيم
- Cambyses : کمبوجيه(Cambysis) کامبيز
- Memphis : ممفيس
- Bactria : باختر خوارزم
- Persian : فارسي(Farsi,Parsi) ايراني پارسي
- Pharaoh : فرعون
- Central : مرکزي
- Iranian : ايراني اهل ايران ، وابستهبه ايران
- Prince : شاهزاده وليعهد
- Satrap : ساتراپ استاندار قديم ايران
- Cyprus : قبرس
- August : آگوست
- Median : ماد
- Bardia : برديا(Bardya, Smerdis)
- Quran : قرآن
- Greek : يوناني
- Bible : انجيل
- Egypt : مصر(Al Mesr)
- Syria : سوريه
- Cyrus : کورش(Kurosh, Kourosh, Koresh)
- Crown : تاج
- Great : کبير
- King : شاه
- Asia : آسيا
- Iran : ايران
- Susa : شوش(Shush, Shushan)
- Nile : نيل
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