Perspolis Becomes First Capital
It took 51 years to build Perspolis following an order by Dariush I. Perspolis became one of the greatest masterpieces of the antiquities at the peak of Persian Empire which had two more capitals in Susa and Ecbatana used for official and summer times respectively. The Persian Empire with more than 30 subordinate countries, some of them as large as Egypt was not centralized and each country had it's own mostly native king and capital. The city of Perspolis was burnt down by Alexander after the fall of the Persian Empire in 330 B.C. (Updated: Dec, 24, 2007)
Artaxerxes I Makrocheir Becomes King
After Xerxes was killed, his son Artaxerxes I Makrocheir from his wife Amestris ascends the throne. During his Xerxes' reign, the expansion of the empire came to an end. Gandara and Taxila in the far east were lost. Still, the Persian empire remained the strongest power on earth with strong cultural influence. The Greeks copied institutions from Persia. Artaxerxes repressed the insurrection in Egypt after his brother Achaemenes was killed by the rebels supported by Athens just before 449/448 when he made a peace treaty in which Persia and Athens agreed on the limits of their domains of influence. After the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War in 431; both Athens and Sparta asked for Persian support Persians somehow supported both sides. Artaxerxes died between 24 December 424 and 10 January 423 B.C. and was buried in Naghshe-Rostam. The last cuneiform tablet from the reign of Artaxerxes I which was found in Nippur was dated 24 December 424. (Updated: Dec, 29, 2007)
English-Persian Glossary
- Peloponnesian War : جنگهاي شبه جزيره هاي يوناني
- Peloponnesian : وابستهبهشبهجزيرهجنوبييونان
- Achaemenes : هخامنش
- Makrocheir : مکروچير
- Artaxerxes : اردشير
- Perspolis : پرسپوليس(Persepolis) پارسه خشتر
- Dariush I : داريوش اول(Dariush the Great, Darius)
- Amestris : آمستريس(Amastris)
- Ecbatana : اکباتان(Ekbatana,Hamedan) هکمتانه، هاگماتان
- Dariush : داريوش(Darius)
- Persian : فارسي(Farsi,Parsi) ايراني پارسي
- Xerxes : خشايارشاه(Ahasverus, Khashayarshah)
- Athens : آتن
- Sparta : اسپارت
- Nippur : نيپور
- Persia : ايران
- Egypt : مصر(Al Mesr)
- First : اول
- Susa : شوش(Shush, Shushan)
- King : شاه
- War : چنگ
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