Shazdeh Hosein shrine | |
| |
Qazwin | |
Coordinates: 36°16′N 50°00′E / 36.267°N 50.000°E / 36.267; 50.000Coordinates: 36°16′N 50°00′E / 36.267°N 50.000°E / 36.267; 50.000 | |
Iran | |
Qazvin | |
Qazvin | |
Central | |
Ramin Soltanzadeh | |
Abbas Taheri Ali Farrokhzad Ali Sadeghi-Niaraki Farajollah Fasihi-Ramandi Reza Sedighi Hossein Solhjou Ahad Chegini Seyed Kazem Mojabi Hossein Ghiasvand Fatemeh Ashdari Shahla Ataei Maryam Nokhostin | |
1,278 m (4,193 ft) | |
381,598 | |
IRST (UTC+3:30) | |
IDST (UTC+4:30) | |
028 | |
http://www.qazvin.ir |
Qazvin (/kæzˈviːn/; Persian: Qazwin, IPA: ( listen)) (Azerbaijani: Qәzvin ,ﻗﺰﻭﻳﻦ ), also Romanized as Qazvīn, Caspin, Qazwin, or Ghazvin is the largest city and capital of the Province of Qazvin in Iran. Qazvin was an ancient capital in the Persian Empire and nowadays is known as the calligraphy capital of Iran. It is famous for its Baghlava, carpet patterns, poets, political newspaper and pahvali (Middle Persian) influence on its accent. At the 2011 census, its population was 381,598.
Located in 150 km (93 mi) northwest of Tehran, in the Qazvin Province, it is at an altitude of about 1,800 m (5,900 ft) above sea level. The climate is cold but dry, due to its position south of the rugged Alborz range called KTS Atabakiya.
ContentsThe city was a former capital of the Persian Empire under Safavids. It is a provincial capital today that has been an important cultural center throughout history.
Archeological findings in the Qazvin plain reveal urban agricultural settlements for at least nine millennia. Qazvin geographically connects Tehran, Isfahan, and the Persian Gulf to the Caspian seacoast and Asia Minor, hence its strategic location throughout the ages.
The city today known as Qazvin is thought to have been founded by Shapur II, King of Persia in 250 CE, under the name Shad Shahpur(shad can be read happy), when he built a fortification there to control regional tensions.
Qazvin has sometimes been of central importance at important moments of Iranian history. Captured by invading Arabs (644 AD) and destroyed by Hulagu Khan (13th century), Shah Tahmasp (1524–1576) made Qazvin the capital of the Safavid empire (founded in 1501 AD), a status that Qazvin retained for half a century.
In 1920 Qazvin was used as a base for the British Norperforce. It was from here that the 1921 Persian coup d''etat that led to the rise of the Pahlavi dynasty was launched. And it became State in 2001
People See also: QazviniThe majority of the people of the province and the city of Qazvin are Persians and the language of the people of Qazvin is Persian language with the Qazvini accent. Other languages include Tati (in Takestan), Romani, Luri, Azarbaijani.
Climate5.1 (41.2) | 7.6 (45.7) | 13.7 (56.7) | 20.0 (68) | 25.9 (78.6) | 32.2 (90) | 35.6 (96.1) | 34.6 (94.3) | 30.9 (87.6) | 23.1 (73.6) | 15.4 (59.7) | 8.1 (46.6) | 21.0 (69.8) |
−4.7 (23.5) | −2.9 (26.8) | 1.7 (35.1) | 6.4 (43.5) | 10.6 (51.1) | 14.6 (58.3) | 17.7 (63.9) | 16.9 (62.4) | 12.9 (55.2) | 7.8 (46) | 2.9 (37.2) | −1.9 (28.6) | 6.8 (44.3) |
44.5 (1.752) | 40.8 (1.606) | 52.1 (2.051) | 41.0 (1.614) | 34.5 (1.358) | 5.9 (0.232) | 1.2 (0.047) | 1.9 (0.075) | 0.8 (0.031) | 21.7 (0.854) | 27.8 (1.094) | 44.0 (1.732) | 316.2 (12.446) |
10.5 | 10.1 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 12.7 | 4.5 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 9.7 | 96.4 |
Source: World Meteorological Organisation |
Qazvin contains several archeological excavations. And in the middle of the city lie the ruins of Meimoon Ghal''eh, one of several Sassanid edifices in the area.
Qazvin contains few buildings from the Safavid era, dating to the period in which it was capital of Persia. Perhaps the most famous of the surviving edifices is the Chehelsotoon (Kolah Farangi) mansion, today a museum in central Qazvin.
Entrance of Masjed al-Nabi, Qazvin, Iran.After Islam, the popularity of mystics (tasawwuf), as well as the prominence of tradition (Hadith), religious jurisprudence (fiqh), and philosophy in Qazvin, led to the emergence of many mosques and religious schools. They include:
About 100 km (62 mi) south-west of Qazvin are the tombs of two Saljuki era princes — Abu Saeed Bijar, son of Sa''d, and Abu Mansur Iltai, son of Takin — located in two separate towers known as the Kharraqan twin towers. Constructed in 1067 CE, these were the first monuments in Islamic architecture to include a non-conic two-layered dome. Both towers were severely damaged by a devastating earthquake in March 2003.
Qazvin has three buildings built by Russians in the late 19th/early 20th century. Among these is the current Mayor''s office (former Ballet Hall), a water reservoir, and the Cantor church, where a Russian pilot is buried.
EconomyA memorial of the many Qazvinis who died during the revolution of Iran and during the Iran–Iraq War.Qazvin today is a center of textile trade, including cotton, silk and velvet, in addition to leather. It is on the railroad line and the highway between Tehran and Tabriz. Qazvin has one of the largest power plants feeding electricity into Iran''s national power grid, the Shahid Raja''i facility, which provides 7% of Iran''s electrical power.
Colleges and universitiesQazvin has several institutes of higher education:
Some famous residential towers are: Punak (536 units), Aseman, Elahieh, Bademestan (440 units in 17 floors) and Tejarat tower with 28 floors.
Qazvin shopping complexesQazvin is served by Qazvin railway station.
SportQazvin is a well-known city because of its famous athletes. The city has highly focused on athletic teams along recent years. Techmash is a basketball team which entered Iranian Basketball Super League in 2013.
Notable QazvinisQazvin is an ancient city containing fine examples of Iranian architecture from various ages. This is the Shazdeh Hosein Shrine.There have been an abundance of scientists and mystics who lived in Qazvin, or came from Qazvin, whose tombs are scattered throughout the cities and villages of the province. These include:
Tags:Abu Saeed, Alborz, Anatolia, Arabic, Aref Qazvini, Asia, Asia Minor, Azad, Beheshti, Bijar, British, Caspian, Caspian Sea, Chehelsotoon, Christ, Dating, Dehkhoda, Fars, Fatemeh, Ferdowsi, Hossein Khan, Hulagu, Ibn, Imam, Imam Ali, Imam Khomeini, Iran, Iranian, Iranian architecture, Iran–Iraq War, Iraq, Isfahan, Islam, Islamic, Islamic Azad University, Jame, Jewish, Khan, Khomeini, Madrasa, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Justice, Mirza, Mojahedin, Monir Shahroudy Farmanfarmaian, Muslim, Pahlavi, Persia, Persian, Persian Empire, Persian Gulf, Qajar, Qazvin, Reza Shah, Russian, Safavid, Sassanid, Shah, Shah Tahmasp, Sheikh, Shiite, Sunni, Tabriz, Tahmasp, Tehran, Website, Wikipedia