Media
سرزمین ماد
The Medes, people of the Mada appear in Assyrian record first in 836 BC. Earliest records show that Assyrian king Shalmaneser III received tribute from Amadai in connection with wars against the tribes of Zagros.
The Medes are credited with foundation of the first Iranian empire, the largest of its day until Cyrus the Great established a unified Iranian empire of the Medes and Persians,
List of Median Kings (Medes):
- Deioces (Diyako) 728-675 BC
- Phraortes (Farvartish) 675-653 BC
- Khashtrita (Madius the Scythian) 653-625 BC
- Hoakhtar (Cyaxares) 625-585 BC
- Astyages 589-549 BC
Note : The list by Herodotus is an attempt to create order in a confused oral tradition about earlier leaders of Iran upon a loose tribal federation as seen in today’s Ashayer. It's quite different from the Achaemenid Empire system.
Cyrus The Great established the Achaemenid Empire after defeating Astyages.
The Median civilization had a great effect on human history. Persians took Arian langiage and the 36 characters alphabet from the Medians. The Medians were the first replaced clays with animal skin and pen for writing. They used many columns in their buildings. Persian ethics to cultivate the ground during peace time, an being brave during war time was probably driven from Media as mentioned by Prophet Daniel.
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