Statue

مجسمه

(Wikipedia) - A statue is a sculpture in the round representing a person or persons, an animal, or an event, normally full-length, as opposed to a bust, and at least close to life-size, or larger. Its primary concern is representational. The definition of a statue is not always clear-cut; sculptures of a person on a horse, called Equestrian statues, are certainly included, and in many cases, such as a Madonna and Child or a Pietu00E0, a sculpture of two people will also be. A small statue, usually small enough to be picked up, is called a statuette or Figurine. Many statues are built on commission to commemorate a historical event, or the life of an influential person. Many statues are intended as public art, exhibited outdoors or in public buildings for the edification of passers-by, with a larger magnitude than normal words could ever have for the common man. On rare occasions, statues themselves become historic and inspire their own historic events. In 1986, when the Statue of Liberty marked her one-hundredth anniversary, a three-day centennial celebration in her honor attracted 12 million. The guest list was unique. "We invited all the great statues of the world to her birthday party and created giant puppets to represent them," said Jeanne Fleming, director of the event. "Each one arrived accompanied by native music. " There is an urban legend concerning a code for mounted statues, whereby the horse's hooves are supposed to indicate how the rider met his end. One hoof off the floor would indicate the rider died of wounds received in battle, or perhaps was just wounded in battle; two hooves off the floor would indicate the rider was killed in battle. An examination of the equestrian statues in most major European cities shows this is not true. If it ever was true, the practice appears to have died out in the 19th century. Statues are amongst the wonders of the world, with the Colossus of Rhodes and the Statue of Zeus at Olympia among the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World and the Moai of Easter Island among the wonders of the modern world. Statue For other uses, see Statue (disambiguation). ‹ The template below (TAFI) is being considered for possible deletion. See templates for discussion to help reach a consensus.›

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Auguste Rodin, The Thinker, Bronze, c.1902, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek in Copenhagen, Denmark

A statue is a sculpture in the round representing one or more people or animals (including abstract concepts allegorically represented as people or animals), normally full-length, as opposed to a bust, and at least close to life-size, or larger (as opposed to a figurine.) Its primary concern is representational.

The definition of a statue is not always clear-cut; equestrian statues, of a person on a horse, are certainly included, and in many cases, such as a Madonna and Child or a Pietà, a sculpture of two people will also be. A small statue, usually small enough to be picked up, is called a statuette or figurine.

Many statues are built on commission to commemorate a historical event, or the life of an influential person. Many statues are intended as public art, exhibited outdoors or in public buildings.

Some statues gain fame in their own right, separate to the person or concept they represent, as with the Statue of Liberty.

Many cultures produced statues, from prehistory to the present.

PrehistoryAn Easter Island Statue

Notable prehistoric statues include the Easter Island statues of the Moai, large figures with their bodies buried in the ground.

History

Many statues from Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, and Ancient Rome, in particular, survive, often in museums throughout the world. Ancient statues survive showing the bare surface of the material of which they are made, and people generally associate classical art with white marble sculpture. But there is evidence that many statues were painted in bright colours. Most of the colour was weathered off over time; small remnants were removed during cleaning; in some cases small traces remained which could be identified. A travelling exhibition of 20 coloured replicas of Greek and Roman works, alongside 35 original statues and reliefs, was held in Europe and the United States in 2008: Gods in Color: Painted Sculpture of Classical Antiquity. Details such as whether the paint was applied in one or two coats, how finely the pigments were ground, or exactly which binding medium would have been used in each case—all elements that would affect the appearance of a finished piece—are not known.

Things considered to be wonders of the world include several statues, with the Colossus of Rhodes and the Statue of Zeus at Olympia among the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World and the Moai of Easter Island considered for inclusion in various lists of wonders of the modern world.

Modern Era

A notion that the position of the hooves of horses in equestrian statues indicated the rider's cause of death has been disproved.

Gallery

• Lion man, from Hohlenstein-Stadel, Germany, now in Ulmer Museum, Ulm, Germany, the oldest known zoomorphic statuette, Aurignacian era, 30,000 BC-26,000 BC

• Venus of Dolní Věstonice, ceramic figurine, 29,000 BC-25,000 BC

• Venus of Willendorf, one of the oldest known Statuettes, Upper Paleolithic, 24,000 BC-22,000 BC

• Great Sphinx of Giza, c. 2558–2532 BC, the largest monolith statue in the world, standing 73.5 metres (241 ft) long, 6 metres (20 ft) wide, and 20.22 m (66.34 ft) high. Giza, Egypt.

• The Charioteer of Delphi, 474 BC, Delphi Archaeological Museum, Greece

• Hermes and the Infant Dionysus by Praxiteles, 4th century BC, Archaeological Museum of Olympia, Greece

• Venus de Milo, c. 130 - 100 BC, Greek, the Louvre

• Laocoön and his Sons, Greek, (Late Hellenistic), c. 160 BC and 20 BC, White marble, Vatican Museum

• Moai of Easter Island facing inland, Ahu Tongariki, c. 1250 - 1500 , restored by Chilean archaeologist Claudio Cristino in the 1990s

• The Great Buddha of Kamakura, c. 1252, Japan

• Michelangelo's David, 1504, The Accademia Gallery, Florence, Italy

• Auguste Rodin, The Burghers of Calais (1884–c. 1889) in Victoria Tower Gardens, London, England.

• The Statue of Liberty, New York Harbor, USA, c.1886

• Henry Bain Smith's bronze of Robert Burns, 1892, above Union Terrace Gardens, Aberdeen, Scotland

• statue of Dr.Jose Rizal.at the Luneta Park,Philippines c.1908

• Thomas Brock, John Everett Millais, at Tate Britain 1905

• Christ the Redeemer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1931

• U.S. Marine Corps War Memorial, located in Arlington, Virginia, 1954

• A closeup of the replica statue of Roman Emperor, Marcus Aurelius, 1981, The original c. 200 AD is in the nearby Capitoline Museum, Rome

• The Ushiku Daibutsu, Amitabha Buddha, 1995, Japan. The third tallest statue in the world, overall 394 feet in height.

• The Kailashnath Mahadev, Bhaktapur. The world's tallest Statue of Lord Shiva, 143 feet.

• Spring Temple Buddha, the world's tallest statue, overall 502 feet in height, completed 2002, China.

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See also items containing :Statue

• Disappeared statues in Tehran, 2010
• Ferdowsi Statues
• Statue of Liberty
• Statue, National Museum of Iran 2401